Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Orthopedic Procedures , Elective Surgical Procedures , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Health Care Rationing , Infection Control/standards , Orthopedics/standards , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Surgical Procedures, Operative/standards , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Cross Infection/etiology , Elective Surgical Procedures/standards , Health Care Rationing/standards , Hospital Units/standards , Humans , Infection Control/instrumentation , Mass Screening , Personal Protective Equipment/standards , Personnel Staffing and Scheduling , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Singapore/epidemiology , Telemedicine , TriageABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 outbreak was fraught with danger and despair as many medically necessary surgeries were cancelled to preserve precious healthcare resources and mitigate disease transmission. As the rate of infection starts to slow, healthcare facilities and economies attempt to return to normalcy in a graduated manner and the massive pent-up demand for surgeries needs to eventually be addressed in a systematic and equitable manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Guidelines from the Alliance of International Organizations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Trauma Association, American College of Surgeons, American Society of Anaesthesiologists, Association of perioperative Registered Nurses, American Hospital Association, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were evaluated and summarized into a working framework, relevant to orthopaedic surgeons. RESULTS: The guiding principles for restarting elective surgeries in a safe and acceptable manner include up-to-date disease awareness, projection and judicious management of equipment and facilities, effective human resource management, a fair and transparent system to prioritize cases, optimization of peri-operative workflows and continuous data gathering and clinical governance. CONCLUSION: The world was ill prepared for the initial COVID-19 outbreak. However, with effective forward planning, institutions can ramp-up elective surgical caseload in a safe and equitable manner.